• by Roi Chobadi , March 27, 2014

Mobile advertisers have it all wrong. They think real-time bidding (RTB) is all that’s used for performance advertising. And they think big-name publishers (the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, Facebook) are what they’re relying on for premium ad distribution. Not only can you (and should you) use direct publishers & RTB extension for both -- but guess what? Your campaigns are already being run this way.

But before we explore ad tech’s dirty secret, let’s step back for a moment and recap the important drivers behind premium and performance advertising.

Building brand awareness and generating bottom-of-the-funnel conversions (downloads, sells, upsells) are two essential but vastly different marketing activities for driving customer lifetime value through advertising. It would seem to follow that the tools for each process are different, right? Sure, one would assume. And that sort of assumption is exactly what current ad tech vendor practices bank on.

 In mobile advertising, it traditionally breaks down as follows:

• Advertising branding is done on well-known premium publishers; and
• Performance campaigns (aimed at conversions) are done on remnant RTB traffic.

But it’s a dirty, yet well-known secret within the ad tech industry, but not so much outside of it (or to its customers), that performance and premium are often used in tandem without useful results.

Stretching the Truth

Programmatic agencies and demand-service providers will tell you that in their “managed service” (that’s the part where their ad operations team supposedly uses glorified “machine learning” algorithms), they operate your campaigns on RTB traffic, and they get great results because they have the best algorithms in the world.

But that’s not really what they do. Sure, they’ll run some traffic on RTB. Why? Because they have to. They just told you they are doing that -- and, otherwise, they’d be lying. But here’s the kicker.  Next, their team will do manual spot buying of Facebook traffic in a CPD campaign, or run the campaign manually on direct publishers.

Why do vendors do this? Because in many cases, direct-premium publishers (and especially Facebook) are much better-performing than RTB traffic. Let’s look at why:

• RTB is filled with “crap” traffic. The vast majority of these impressions don’t convert, and there are many reported cases of fraudulent traffic. (In fact, according to ad experts, 36% of ad traffic is from bots, and it’s threatening the ad industry.)
• Premium traffic offers the best economy of scale. Premium traffic can be (and is many times) bought in bulk, and is both cheaper and more cost-effective (think about it: no one can compete with a Facebook CPD offering).
• Native ad units are simply more engaging. Why don’t vendors tell you? Because after all the buzz they made about their algorithms, they have a hard time admitting they are using people like anyone else to run campaigns on premium publishers (and on Facebook).

It’s starting to become clearer. But still, why are you paying that high DSP premium?

Well, for starters, many premium agencies and saleshouses will say your campaign is running on safe, well-known, premium supply “such as the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, ESPN, etc.” But, please notice the word choice -- there’s a reason for the “such as” language. The reason is: your campaign is not only running on these top premium publishers, but many times is running also on mid-tier publishers and also on RTB.

Mixing the Good Water with the Dirty Water

So next, you ask yourself: if RTB isn’t great for performance, why are saleshouses using it for branding?

Well, in part because RTB might be lower-performing (CPD or CPA) than a good premium campaign, but it’s still traffic that gains impressions and clicks. What's the dirty truth here? When a saleshouse or agency doesn’t have enough premium supply to run a campaign, instead of turning it down (or being very direct about it), they would rather accept it, run some of it on very well-known, premium publishers, and some of it on lower-tier publishers (in many more cases than you’d imagine) and on RTB as well.

A wise friend of mine sums up this process rather well: “mixing the good water with the dirty water,” going on to say, “You need to know how to mix them well, so you get a good ratio.”

Knowledge is Power: Go Forth and Ask Questions

While premium and performance have very distinct marketing objectives, the usage of ad traffic to fulfill each is actually overlapping and the classic dichotomy of “performance campaigns run on RTB, using great algorithms” and “premium campaigns run on top premium direct publishers” is simply not true.

What should you do next? You have two options: 1) do nothing -- accept the reality that performance campaigns are running better on premium supply, and sometimes you do need RTB reach extension to run a big campaign with very constraining targeting criteria; or 2) take action -- ask your agency / trading desks where your campaigns are really running, hope you get an honest answer, and work together to ensure you’re getting the campaign you signed up for.