According to the AdEx Benchmark 2014 report, by IHS Technology and the Internet Advertising Bureau, €8.9 billion was spent on online advertising in the UK in the 2014 calendar year (or £7.19 billion, using average exchange rates in 2014). Germany and France were the next biggest spenders at €5.4 billion and €3.7 billion, respectively. The UK per capita spend of €138.20 was three times the Europe average (€42). Only Norway had a higher per capita spend, at €140.50.