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HOME • MANAGE SUBSCRIPTIONS • MEDIA KIT
Subject-Line Absolutes: Are There Any?
by Chad White, Thursday, October 16, 2008, 12:00 PM

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I recently attended a conference session on copywriting where one of the speakers was declaring several subject lines don'ts. While she had some good tips, with a consumer-oriented perspective that I appreciated, some of her advice just didn't sync with research and advice that I'd seen and heard before.

For instance, she advised against including your brand name in the subject line, arguing that it was redundant with the "from" name. The audience actually called her on that one, referencing a MarketingSherpa study that said this was a good tactic.

A fair number of the retailers that I track always or regularly include branding in their subject lines, including Cabela's, EB Games, HP, Petco and REI. The speaker's assumption seemed to be that people always read the "from" name and subject line when making decisions as to what to read or delete. That's clearly not the case, since studies have shown that the extra branding boosts open rates. Especially considering that we're heading into the inbox-crowding holiday season, extra branding should help with inbox recognition.

She also advised against asking questions with your subject lines. We always talk about email being a conversation, and what's more conversational than asking a question? I personally think questions are a great way to help subscribers determine whether a particular email is relevant to them and worth their time.

But the truth of it is that it's really difficult to tell what your subscribers are going to react positively to. For instance, last holiday season I took issue with the subject line of a Dec. 17 Alibris email: "Book lover, search Alibris for books you thought you'd never find!" I argued that "Read books that blew the roof off of 2007" (which was the headline in the email) would have been a better subject line. Alibris reached out to let me know that they tested this subject line and that this evergreen subject line works better for them. Who would have guessed it?

And that's really my point: It's very difficult to predict a winning subject line, so you really have to test. You should run an A/B subject line test with every campaign.

Here are some tests to consider:

· Branding vs. no branding. Does additional branding make your email stand out in the inbox or does it just take up space? Test the branding at the beginning and end of the subject line. This branding could also include the name of your newsletter.

· Short vs. long. Many people swear by subject lines of less than 40 characters, but Alchemy Worx'  "Subject Lines: Length Is Everything" report gives us plenty of reasons to test subject lines of 70+ characters.

· Lifestyle vs. functional messaging. Some people buy a product because of its features or low price; others because they want to be fashionable or a trendsetter.

· Informative vs. engaging. You can tell people what the email is about (which largely entails nouns) or you can engage them with questions and appeals to take action (using action verbs and commands).

· Personalized vs. non-personalized. Do your subscribers respond to their name appearing in the subject lines of your emails? Of the retailers I track, only Northern Tool uses this tactic regularly, but it may work better in other verticals.

· Few vs. many interest triggers. For instance, a recent Barnes & Noble email used the subject line "Oprah's New Pick Just Announced." That's two interest triggers: Oprah plus "new." An alternative subject line could have been "Oprah's New Pick: The Story of Edgar Sawtelle by David Wroblewski," which has four potential interest triggers: Oprah, "new," the title and the author's name.

· Capitalization choices. I see some marketers capitalizing articles and conjunctions in their subject lines, which makes them more difficult to scan. Try different capitalization strategies to make your subject lines more scannable and to create emphasis on key words.


And if you're looking for subject line inspiration:

· Repeat or tweak successful subject lines from your past campaigns.

· Pay attention to the searches run on your Web site and the organic searches that bring you traffic from major search engines. Consider using words from the most popular searches in your subject lines.

· Mine the subject lines of your closest competitors for ideas for words and phrasings. I list subject lines from retailers on my blog daily; you can also pull from other sources like the  Newsletter Archive.

· Take note of headline constructions used by newspapers and magazines, especially in their online editions, which some are now optimizing for search.

Has anyone else had a recent contrarian experience with selecting a subject line -- or do you have testing suggestions?

1 person recommends this article. 

5 comments on "Subject-Line Absolutes: Are There Any?"

  1. Chad White from The Email Experience Council
    commented on: October 18, 2008 at 4:46 PM
    Naeem, that's a great point. It's only logical that actives vs. inactives and other customer segments would react differently to different SL tactics. I don't believe I've ever seen any studies either that look at anything other than SL reaction at the list level.

  2. Naeem Kayani from DELL, Inc
    commented on: October 17, 2008 at 3:41 PM
    Most studies focus on testing SLs on the list level. If you are segmenting your list then you should be testing different formats with each of your segment.

    Customers that purchase frequently or those list subscribers that are active & engaged with your brand may react very different to different formats of the SLs than those that are disengaged with your brand.

    Naeem (Yanni) Dell

  3. Chad White from The Email Experience Council
    commented on: October 16, 2008 at 5:35 PM
    Whether you're talking about subject lines increasing opens, clicks or conversions, I would say that 5% differentials are real--although you'd certainly like to see something more definitive. So if one subject line produces conversion rates of 2% while another gives you 2.1% conversions, I'd say the second subject line is telling you something real about how your subscribers react. That said, I wouldn't make any subject line strategy changes based on a single A/B test, even if the differential is large. And even when a strategy change is confirmed in subsequent tests, you'll need to retest the strategy a few months later to confirm that your subscribers still react the same way.

  4. Sarah Gorajek from BNP Media
    commented on: October 16, 2008 at 1:14 PM
    Everyone says test, test, test. I agree... but when looking at results, what constitutues good vs. bad? If using someones name in the subject line results in a .01% increase doesn't really tell us anything nor should we modify our next campaign based on these results. So at what % gain or loss should we give the results some credibility?

  5. elle Wheeer from Fuel Marketing
    commented on: October 16, 2008 at 12:51 PM
    That lady is crazy, I use questions in a lot of my subject lines. Questions are a good way to start a conversation. What is the first thing you usually say to a friend..."How was your day?" "What did you do last night?" All questions.

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Do you have strong opinions and inside knowledge about the topic of this article -- and do you want to share your insights, observations and points of view regularly with the readers of MediaPost? To be considered as a MediaPost contributing writer, please send pertinent info about your credentials, plus several column ideas and one example of your writing on the topic, to pfine@mediapost.com. Please see our editorial guidelines here first.

CHAD WHITE
  • Chad White is the Research Director at Smith-Harmon, a Responsys Company and digital marketing services agency. Visit his blog at http://www.retailemailblog.com/


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