JERSEY CITY, NJ -- The second day of the Advertising Research Foundation's (ARF) annual two-day Audience X Science Conference here began with the empirically based “Rules of Marketing Effectiveness in a Digital Era,” presented by Les Binet from the U.K. office of adam&eveDDB.
Binet and his colleague Peter Field have been analyzing the Institute of Practitioners in Advertising (IPA, similar to the U.S.'s 4As) database of marketing campaigns from the IPA Effectiveness Awards -- which now total more than 1,500 and were accumulated over the last 20 years -- for statistically significant trends that reveal key principles in achieving advertising and marketing effectiveness.
They have produced a series of comprehensive reports via the IPA that highlight their findings, including “Marketing in the Era of Accountability,” 2007; “The Long and the Short of It,” 2013; “Media in Focus,” 2017; and “Effectiveness in Context," 2018.
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For those who manage a significant advertising budget, these publications are a must read. The latest report underscores the need to flex the rules to suit a particular brand's situation or context along with the role of digital in the drive for effectiveness. Not surprisingly, they also reveal that best media practices based on empirical research have not changed much.
Here are a few key specifics:
* Short-term sales activation plans generally have a very rapid decline, with little or no brand growth produced -- virtually no long-term effects.
* Long-term branding campaigns encompassing broad, high reach will generate more memorable impact. These campaigns show slower decay and incrementally build base sales.
* Brand-building produces a desire for the product and can reduce price sensitivity and increase profitability.
* Long-term campaigns are especially powerful if used with short-term sales activation with a general ratio of 60/40 for a typical brand.
* “Brand” campaigns are the primary driver of long-term growth and equity. Binet found that acquisition strategies outperform loyalty strategies as they expand the brand's base, adding that reach explains 91% of the variations in media effectiveness.
* Creative clearly remains king, as it maximizes “mental availability,” moving the brand from passive acceptance (awareness) to actively seeking (salience) to influence and advocacy (fame).
* Getting the creative right and balancing the message with emotions to produce memorability was illustrated by a TV ad for a very large British department store chain featuring a young boy's live/toy penguin that brought tears to viewers' eyes.
* There is no change to this principle, but it does raise the question of whether advertising is seen as a weak force because it must overcome the marketing ills of the brand -- the oxymoron “customer service,” lousy distribution, constant product issues, and more.
* Digital has been heavily used for sales activation, Binet said -- for tightly targeted, informative response efforts with low reach. Digital can be more effective if brand-building plans are increased in the mix based on broader reach with more memorable and emotional ads.
* As a last observation, he left the audience with this: “Digital makes sales activation easier, but…!”
In terms of measurement, she noted, data comes in all sizes, as well as scope and dimensions, and often needs to be integrated.
She encouraged data harmonization, simplification and unification as much as possible.
Supporting the Media Rating Council's (MRC) proposed cross-media measurement standard, she urged the industry to “hold on to the :30 [as the] base length denominator," adding that it will matter when the duration-weighted viewable impressions element is added to the new standards in 2021.
Leslie Wood, Chief Research Officer of Nielsen Catalina, was presented with the Erwin Ephron Demystification Award after glowing accolades from Bill Moult, Joan Fitzgerald and David Poltrack.
“I am not done!," Wood quipped during her acceptance remarks, identifying an array of critical industry issues for which the industry needs answers, and which she hopes to tackle.
Dan Linton, managing director of analytics at W20 Group, addressed the question “Can Data Privacy be Good for Brands?” He suggested the answer is a definite “yes” -- which may seem a little surprising in the current environment -- if managed comprehensively.
Reminding the audience that “intrusion changes behavior” and that “the risk of harm is real,” he listed the most serious and massive corporate data leaks since the GDPR (an opt-in philosophy) went into effect in the European Union.
California passed the “California Consumer Privacy Act” (an opt-out philosophy) in June 2018, and Washington State, Vermont, Oregon, Illinois and even Texas are in the process of passing similar laws.
While the National Law Review recently ran the headline “Data Apocalypse,” and other publications have posited such headlines as “Chaotic Times Ahead,” Linton suggested that “GDPR has already had many positive effects – it generates trust."
Clearly optimistic, Linton offered the following principles to manage privacy:
* Embrace data privacy and protection now
* Generate business opportunities and benefits with and beyond privacy compliance
* Be clear with your audiences in very simple and easy-to-understand language
* Use trust as a means to give a reason to engage
* Be privacy-centric -- innovate with privacy as a cornerstone
Donato took no questions.
Rishad Tobaccowala, Chief Growth Officer of Publicis Groupe, concluded the conference with intriguing insights and prognostications during a presentation entitled “Too Much Math. Too Little Meaning.”
He focused on identifying six "P’s":
1. What's the Perspective? 5G is coming in 2020, which will make a smart TV a fully operational computer.
2. A POV. Erosion of trust, close-mindedness, rising inequality.
3. Provocation. It’s not the data that is missing -- it is the willingness and culture to change.
4. Purpose. What is the rationale? (Trust is a fact. So is truth-- what about emotion?)
5. Poetry -- how to get people to think higher and feel creative.
6. People. There are only two ways to change people -- move on or change one's mindset. This underscores the importance of being able to build a strong case for something you do not believe in.
Tobaccowala's future advertising perspective is that the ability to interrupt people with commercial messages will decline. The keys to brand marketing success, he said, are word-of-mouth scales, improving product service and identifying genuine spokespeople. Sound has an increasing role to play.
The last mass medium is network OOH. Marketers will require “personal experiences data at scale,” understanding that privacy is fundamental and must be controlled.
Because this is all based on aggregated analysis, the IPA series of reports misses certain truths and fails to address challenges to the findings. First of all to say that high performance does not result in long term benefit misses the fact that the majority of consumers now discover brands for the first time while shopping. It defies the concept of trial and repeat models, the cornerstone of new product forecasting. How does the IPA analysis reconcile to that? Secondly, brand vs. performance effects is largely a consumer segmentation issue. From aggregated data, there is no insight into this fundamental dynamic and therefore the theory has severe holes. Consider autos. If 5% are actively shopping at any point in time, performance effects come from this 5% (very little impulse). Brand effects come from the other 95% (because they are 95%...and because mass media and how we measure brand perceptions via trackers is gen pop.) And how do we know the half-life of brand building when those shoppers DO come into the market say 5 years later...technology has changed by then and anyone would do research. I would need to see longitudinal evidence from the same consumers. Finally, the IPA results do not tie back (or even attempt to tie back) to key industry findings...Erwin Ephron's theory of recency which is based on reminding and my white paper work with Viant and NCS called the Persuadables where we found some segments repeatedly returned 16 TIMES the ROAS...that is an awful lot of effect to not address in the IPA work.
Final point...there is a lot of 60/40 kinds of recommendations in these papers which sounds like directional guidance not optimization. In the age of MTA, we need to do better than that. an alternative way to think about performance vs. brand advertising is offered here http://blog.joelrubinson.net/2019/04/framework-for-managing-brand-vs-performance-advertising/