With all the controversy over questionable marketing ploys and privacy policies, you might get the impression that Facebook is some kind of evil totalitarian conspiracy. But in the big
picture sites like Facebook, Twitter and YouTube are actually a force for good, serving as organizational tools and information channels for dissidents resisting real totalitarian conspiracies.
A few months ago I looked at the positive role Facebook plays in countries like Pakistan, where
political dissidents and commentators consider it an important part of that country's halting progress towards an open society. We've also seen the role that Twitter played in uprisings in Iran and < a
href="https://www.mediapost.com/publications/index.cfm?fa=Articles.showArticle&art_aid=125872">Kyrgyzstan.
Now a Chinese government think tank has supplied more confirmation of the threat
posed by social networking sites to authoritarian regimes. Last week the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences released a report, titled "Development of China's New Media," sounding the alarm over the
subversive potential of online social media, which the authors warn is being used by Western governments (including the United States) to foment political unrest inside China.
It's hard to
know how much truth there is in the allegation that outsiders are encouraging unrest through social media. On one hand, U.S. and other Western intelligence agencies have a long track record of covert
meddling through any and all available channels -- the CASS report quotes U.S. Defense Secretary Robert Gates, who called new communication technologies a "huge strategic asset" -- and there are
plenty of expatriate dissidents who have a means and motive to help out or do it independently. Indeed, the CASS report blamed recent outbreaks of violence in its western Xinjiang province on emigrant
groups who used the Internet to issue calls for independence. On the other hand, it's not like authoritarian regimes need any help making themselves disliked, and accusing dissidents of cooperating
with foreign enemies is a classic tactic for silencing protests.
But in the end it doesn't really matter whether there is an external element. Either way, the knee-jerk reaction of Chinese
authorities will look pretty much the same: more domestic spying and intimidation. Thus the CASS report advises: "We must pay attention to the potential risks and threats to state security as the
popularity of social networking sites continues to grow. We must immediately step up supervision of social networking sites." According to other news reports the Chinese military has already forbidden
personnel from going to Internet cafes, using online dating sites, or maintaining blogs or personal Web sites. But policing the civilian online population (numbering about 400 million, or roughly a
third of China's total population) is obviously a far more challenging task -- and ultimately maybe impossible.