More than two-thirds
(69%) of Americans who use Twitter say they use it to access news, but just 8% characterize it as the "most important way they get news," according to findings of one of two new reports from the Pew
Research Center analyzing the impact Twitter has on the news consumption of Americans.
The reports, which are based on a survey of 2,584 U.S. adult Twitter users conducted May 17-31, also
found that when it comes to their understanding of new events, Twitter is a mixed bag, at best.
While 46% said the site increased their understanding of current events in the past year,
33% reported seeing "a lot of misleading or inaccurate information," and 53% characterized inaccurate or misleading information is "a major problem on the site."
The analysis of general
Twitter users offers some key takeaways with regard to behaviors based on privacy, political affiliations, on-platform abuse, and more.
At least 53% of users say they have public profiles
visible to anyone, despite reporting private profiles or confusion over privacy settings. However, examination of the users who provided Pew with a unique Twitter handle reveals a much higher number
–– 89% –– of profiles set to "public."
In terms of political affiliation, Democrats and Republicans, not surprisingly, report differing views on the site's major issues
and overall impact on democracy.
While an almost equal number of users believe the site is mostly good (37%) and mostly bad (38%) for American democracy, Republican users are twice as likely
(60%) as Democrats (28%) to say the site has a negative impact.
Republican users are also far more likely (59%) than Democrats (17%) to report that Twitter's limits on reach or visibility of
certain posts is a major problem.
The issue of banning users received a similar response, with 61% of Republicans to 6% Democrats citing it as a major problem.
One area that did not
show variance between political identification, age, gender, or educational attainment is reports of harassment and misinformation. Seventeen percent of users say they have experienced personal
harassment or abuse on Twitter, while 33% say they witness “a lot of inaccurate or misleading information.” Around half of all users believe misinformation (53%) and harassment (47%) are
major problems on the site.
An analysis of tweets by the group who provided real Twitter handles found that the top 25% of active tweeters produced 97% of all tweets from American adults
between June 12 and September 12, 2021.
While a small share of highly active users are producing the vast majority of content on the platform, the new reports show that high-volume tweeters
produce few original tweets and receive little engagement from the broader Twitter audience.
In the June-September survey window, the Center found that from that 97% of tweets from the top
quarter of users, only 14% were original posts, while 49% were retweets and 33% were replies to other users.
The new reports also highlight key behaviors in these high-volume tweeters that set
them aside from less prolific users. For example, 1 in 5 visits the site too many times to count on a typical day. Their Twitter use also often involves a heightened political edge, as they are
more likely to say Twitter has increased their political engagement over the past year.
In addition, high-volume users are twice as likely (24%) to report personal harassment or abuse on the
platform compared to less active tweeters (11%). But they are also less likely to view the overall tone of discussions on Twitter as a major issue (27% compared to 42%).
Findings from the Pew
Center's reports on Twitter news consumers focus on political party differences and the way the platform has impacted users' lives.
Democrats who receive their news on Twitter offer more
positive assessments of that news than their Republican counterparts. Seventy-four percent of Democrats have some degree of trust in the accuracy of news and information they find on the platform,
compared to 52% of Republicans.
Twitter news consumers are likely to be younger, Democrat, and be college graduates than other Twitter users.
Forty-two-percent of Twitter news
consumers are liberal Democrats, compared to 28% of other users. The reports shows that only 1 in 5 Twitter news consumers are conservative Republicans.
About 77% of Twitter news consumers are under the age of 50, and 46% have at least a bachelor's degree, compared to 36% of non-news consumers. Most
importantly, Twitter news consumers are overall more engaged with the site, with 46% visiting every day.
One key question is how Twitter has impacted their news consumption. Fifty-seven
percent say the site has increased their understanding of current events (compared to 23% of other Twitter users), and are more likely to report a greater level of political engagement because of
Twitter.
Thirty-one percent of Twitter news consumers, however, report increased stress levels compared to 14% of other users.
These findings illuminate a similar trend from the
Center's 2019 Sizing Up Twitter Users report, which showed that American adult Twitter users rarely tweeted.
Instead, the most prolific 10% of users created 80% of tweets in the adult demographic.
