JOSHUA M. KRUTER has been promoted to marketing director, technology category and communication strategies at Forbes. Kruter was previously senior marketing manager, technology category, where he oversaw the marketing of initiatives to tech advertisers and the company's media website.

Modem Media said Thursday that it is closing three offices and cutting 90 staffers to align resources with a downgraded revenue outlook for 2002. The layoffs will hit 23% of i-shop's 400-person global workforce, though most will stem from its Toronto, Munich and Hong Kong operations, which are due to shut down by the end of the third quarter. The company is also reducing office space at its Norwalk, CT, headquarters and in London.